If you happen to install any gnu/linux OS distros before Windows installation, the Windows makes itself start by default and the gnu/linux distro disappears from boot menu.
So, how to recover the grub ? It's pretty simple.
Use the Live CD/USB of gnu/linux distro, say, Ubuntu.
The steps mentioned below are tested on Ubuntu versions 11.04, 11.10 and 12.04.
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Open the Terminal and follow these steps:
theTechGeany:~$ sudo fdisk -l | more
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x4b2459d9
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 13 3053 24414208 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 3053 10456 59468800 83 Linux <=====[Note sda<number> of THIS Partition.sda3 in my laptop]
/dev/sda4 10456 38913 228581217+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 10706 20104 75497436 b W95 FAT32
/dev/sda6 20105 29503 75497436 b W95 FAT32
/dev/sda7 29504 38913 75585793+ b W95 FAT32
Disk /dev/sdb: 4089 MB, 4089445376 bytes
126 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 7812 * 512 = 3999744 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00059dc3
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 1022 3991901 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
theTechGeany:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt <======[Use "Your" appropriate sda<number> here. sda3 in my system]
theTechGeany:~$ sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda
Installation finished. No error reported.
theTechGeany:~$ sudo update-grub
# might get error. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: failed to get canonical path of `/cow`
# might get error. cannot find device for /
Solution (follow these only if you get any error)
$ for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done # mount you virtual filesystems
$ sudo chroot /mnt (get into root and now install)
# update-grub
It should run successfully.
Now Shutdown. Remove the Pen Drive/CD. Power On.
Grub Should be Corrected now and you can choose between the OS available.
So, how to recover the grub ? It's pretty simple.
Use the Live CD/USB of gnu/linux distro, say, Ubuntu.
The steps mentioned below are tested on Ubuntu versions 11.04, 11.10 and 12.04.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Open the Terminal and follow these steps:
theTechGeany:~$ sudo fdisk -l | more
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x4b2459d9
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 13 3053 24414208 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 3053 10456 59468800 83 Linux <=====[Note sda<number> of THIS Partition.sda3 in my laptop]
/dev/sda4 10456 38913 228581217+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 10706 20104 75497436 b W95 FAT32
/dev/sda6 20105 29503 75497436 b W95 FAT32
/dev/sda7 29504 38913 75585793+ b W95 FAT32
Disk /dev/sdb: 4089 MB, 4089445376 bytes
126 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 7812 * 512 = 3999744 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00059dc3
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 1022 3991901 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
theTechGeany:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt <======[Use "Your" appropriate sda<number> here. sda3 in my system]
theTechGeany:~$ sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda
Installation finished. No error reported.
theTechGeany:~$ sudo update-grub
# might get error. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: failed to get canonical path of `/cow`
# might get error. cannot find device for /
Solution (follow these only if you get any error)
$ for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done # mount you virtual filesystems
$ sudo chroot /mnt (get into root and now install)
# update-grub
It should run successfully.
Now Shutdown. Remove the Pen Drive/CD. Power On.
Grub Should be Corrected now and you can choose between the OS available.
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